The Authors were able to identify 43 of the 45 songs Swift performed based on the distinctive signal of each song.

stacks up—seismically, that is—against other Summer of 2023 SoFi concerts, including Metallica, Beyoncé and Morgan Wallen.

The Seattle Swift quake prompted the California Office of Emergency Services to ask seismic network operators in the state to see if any interesting research might be generated at Swift’s August concert dates in Los Angeles. Tepp’s colleagues set up strong motion sensors at SoFi Stadium, analyzing data collected by those devices along with data from nearby permanent regional seismic network stations.

Previous research shows that “concert tremor” can be recorded as long-duration signals with narrowband, harmonic frequency peaks between 1 and 10 hertz. This kind of low-frequency signal looks like the harmonic tremor recorded from natural sources like volcanoes and human sources like